Marking or printing machine



Feb. 3, 1948.

D. R. SIMON DS' Filed Sept. 27, 19425 Qc-...b

Feb. 3, 1948. D, R, slMoNDs 2,435,369

MARKING OR PRINTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 27, 19415 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 l. Ill l d 'Ii Feb. 3, 1948. D R 5|MONDS 2,435,369

MARKING 0R PRINTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 27, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Feb. 3, 1948. D. R. slMoNDs 2,435,369

MARKING 0R PRINTING-MACHINE Filed sept. 27, 1943 6 sheets-snaai 4 I INVBNToR i l l MMSES" Feb. 3, 1948. D. R. slMoNDs IARKING 0R PRINTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 27, A1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Feb. 3, 1948. D. R. slMoNDs MARKING 0R PRlNTING MACHINE Filed Sept. 27, 1943 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Feb. 3, 1948 MARKING OR PRINTING MACHDIE Donald R. Simonds, Hillcrest, N. J.,

Industrial Tape Corporation, a corporation o New Jersey assignor u;

Application September 27, 1943, Serial No. 503,888 6 Claims. (Ci. lOl-227) This invention is directed to an improved marking or printing machine which, while capable of more general application, is particularly adapted for the printing of suitable reading matter or indicia upon adhesive tape. Such reading matter or indicia (which is ordinarily intended to give certain infomation in the use of the tape but which may be of any suitable character) will appear at frequent intervals throughout the length of the tape.

In the present instance, .the machine is designed to print upon a wide strip or web of adhesive-faced fabric which is subsequently cut or slit in the direction of travel preparatory to winding into a. plurality of individual rolls of tape. Hence it is important that there be no undue tension on the web after printing, as otherwise the consequent distortion or stretching of the web will disturb or destroy the proper spacing of the rows of printed matter with reference to the slitting knives or cutters and thus result in an imperfect product.

The instant invention meets this and many other requirements,'providing a thoroughly prac-- tical, yet simple, machine and one capable of speedy and efficient operation.

The various novel features of the invention will best be understood from the detailed description to follow.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the improved machine;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof; l

Fig. 3 is a side elevation, looking from the left;

Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken through the machine on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged section taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 'I is an enlarged horizontal section taken on the line 'I-l of Fig. l;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged horizontal section taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 9 is an enlarged horizontal section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. l.

The adhesive web W (Fig. 4) is drawn through the machine from some suitable source, such as a supply roll I, by a constant speed pulling device 2, which may be of any type suitable for the purpose, such for example as a slitter, a coating machine, or even a reeling up device. The device herein dagrammatically illustrated is a slitter which will slit the web longitudinally between the rows of printed matter into a series of tapes W1 subsequently wound into individual rolls. After leaving the supply roll I, the web W passes. overl guide rolls 3 and 4, mounted in the nxed machine frame A, thence through the printing unit about to be described, and thereafter directly to the slitter unit 2, the direction of travel being indicated by the arrows in Fig. 4. Due to its adhesive nature, the web W will require considerable force in being unwound from the roll I and hence will offer a corresponding amount of resistance to movement through the machine. As will later be explained. this resistance to movement on the part of the web is utilized in determining its linear speed of travel through the machine.

In the embodiment illustrated, the printing unit comprises an impression cylinder 5, a printing cylinder 6, an inking cylinder 'I with a cooperating doctor knife 8. and an ink fountain 9. All three cylinders are caused to rotate at the same peripheral speed through a train of gears I0, II and I1 (Fig. 5) arranged at the left side of the machine. The gears Il and II are made fast to the shafts l* and 6* of the impression and printing cylinders 5 and i, respectively, whereas the gear I2 is mounted, by means of a ball bearing I3, to turn freely on the shaft 1 of the inking cylinder 1. However, a driving connection between the gear I2 and the inking cylinder shaft 1 is aorded by a pawl and ratchet device Il, I5 (the purpose of which will later appear), the spring-pressed p awl Il being carried by the gear I2 and the ratchet Il locked to the cylinder shaft (see Figs. 5 and 6).

The operation of the printing unit is effected through a friction clutch mounted on a leftward extension 5b of the impression cylinder shaft 5". The driving element I6 of the friction clutch (see Fig. 7) is attached to a driving sprocket wheel I1 and both, through a common bearing sleeve Il, are loosely mounted on the shaft extension i so as to be free to rotate independently thereof and also to slide axially thereon; whereas the driven element I9 of the clutch is non-rotatably mounted on the shaft extension 5b, being keyed thereto for axial movement only. The two clutch elements are held in frictional contact by means of a compression spring 20 pressing at one end through a thrust bearing 2l against the outer face of the driven element I! and reacting at its opposite end against the collared portion of an adjusting screw 22 carried by a bracket 23 extended outward from the journal box for the impression cylinder shaft 5*. The thrust of the compression spring on the driving clutch element I6 and the driving sprocket wheel I1 is taken up by a thrust bearing 2l interposed between the sprocket wheel and-the outer face of the journal box for the impression cylinder shaft il. As will be evident, by turning the adjusting screw 22 in one direction or the other, with the aid of a knurled knob 25 (with the machine at rest or in operation) the pressure of the spring 20 may be varied as desired to increase or diminish the load which the friction clutch may carry without slippage between the d riving and driven elements. i The driving sprocket wheel i1 is connected by a sprocket chain 26 (Figs. l and 3) to the outer one of a pair of idler sprocket wheels 21, both attached to a common hub 28 rotatably mounted on a bearing rod 29 projecting laterally from the side member of the fixed machine frame A. The other or inner sprocket wheel 21 is connected by a sprocket chain 30 to the drive shaft of an electric motor or other prime mover. The direction of movement of the various parts is indicated by arrows in the different glues. The web W is led through the machine with its adhesive face in contact with the impression cylinder and its plain or non-adhesive face in con` tact with the printing cylinder 6. As will be understood, the type characters (which it may be noted are formed on a rubber blanket) are arranged in duplicate rows around the printing cyl--` inder, there being as many such rows as there are individual tapes to be produced. The rows of type characters may or may not extend entirely around the cylinder, depending upon the length of the reading matter to be printed on the individual tapes. The inking cylinder 1 runs in contact with the printing cylinder 6, picking up ink (which is of the quick-drying variety) directly from the fountain 9 by rotating through the :lnk bath, the surface of the inking cylinder being etched for the purpose. The doctor blade 8, which wipes the ink from the inking cylinder 1 just in advance of the printing cylinder, is carried by a holder ila attached to a Divot rod 8b, the latter at the right being provided with a ne tooth ratchet wheel 8 held against retrograde movement by a pawl 8d. vice the pressure of the doctor blade 8, which is made thin as usual, against the inking cylinder may be varied to suit the inking conditions required.

By reference to Fig. 4. it will be observed that the traveling web W makes a substantial surface contact with the impression cylinder 5 which thus, aided by the adhesive character of the web,

By means of this pawl and ratchet de- 4 speed of said cylinder to the actual linear speed of the traveling web as governed by the slitter. In other words, as the web is drawn through the printing unit and later pulled from the impression cylinder. the load on the friction clutch is great enough to cause the driven element lato slip or lag behind with reference to the driving element I8, thereby reducing the peripheral speed of the impression cylinder to accord with the linear speed of the traveling web as produced by the slitter. In this way, the operation of the printing unit is perfectly'synchronized with the operation of the slitter, both being caused to impart the same linear speed to the web notwithstanding the fact that both are acting simultaneously but independently to draw the web through the machine. It will be understood that this synchronization is brought about by adjusting the tension or pressure of the spring 2l to suit the load requirements of the friction clutch in operating the printing unit and in drawing the web therev through by frictional contact with the impression cylinder. Once this adjustment has been made, the overloading of the clutch which produces the necessary slip will be so slight as to impose little or no tension on the traveling web beyond that incident to pulling it from the impression cylinder after the printing operation. Hence, it follows l that after the printing operation the web will pass exerts a gripping action thereon and one firm I enough to draw the web through the printing unit without full reliance upon the pull of the slitter or other constant speed device 2. By thus utilizing the impression cylinder to draw the web through the printing unit, little or no tension is exerted on the web after printing, the slitter being called upon to do little or nothing more than break the adhesion between the web and the im-` pression cylinder in continuing the travel of the web through the machine. To give rise to this eiect, the driving element I8 of the friction clutch must be rotated at a somewhat higher speed than the slitter 2, which means that the impression cylinderwill have a tendency to imto the slitter in a substantially untensioned or unstretched condition with the various rows of printed matter properly'spaced with reference to the slitter cutters and emerge from the slitter in true centralized position on the individual tapes into which the web is cut.

Reverting now to the pawl and ratchet device I4, I5, this has a two-fold purpose: first, to prevent a counter-rotation ofthe inking cylinder 1 upon stoppage of the machine, and second, to permit the independent manual rotation of the inking cylinder before the operation of the machine is started. When the machine stops, there is enough tension or back pull in the traveling web to cause a slight counter-rotation of the impression cylinder 6 and, except for the pawl and ratchet device, this counter-rotation would be imparted to the inking cylinder 1 through the gearing I0, il and I2. If such a counter-rotation occurred, the doctor blade 8, which is made of relatively hard steel, would tend to dig in and destroy the etched surface of the inking roller which is made of softer steel. In the arrangement illustrated. while the impression cylinder I and the printing cylinder 8 are permitted to partake of a counter-rotation (which is harmless), the inking cylinder 1 is allowed to remain stationary by reason of the pawl and ratchet device, thus protecting it against harm from the doctor blade 8. When the machine is at rest, the ink (which, as before stated, is of the quick-drying variety), will drain back into the ink fountain I or evaporate from the exposed surface of the inking cylinder and hence before the machine is part to the traveling web a greater linear speed than that produced by the slitter, but such tendency is resisted and overcome by the drag or braking effect imposed upon the impression cylinder by its frictional contact with the traveling web which, because of its resistance to movement through the machine holds down the peripheral started or re-started it is most'desirable to rotate the inking cylinder through the ink bath in order to distribute the ink over its entire surface preparatory to printing. As a convenient means of performing this independent manual rotation of the inking cylinder, the shaft Il at the right is provided with a bevelled gear 3| meshing with a smaller bevelled gear l2 secured at the rear end of a fore-and-aft shaft I3 provided at its forward end with an operating handle u. The shaft 33 is Journalled in suitable bearings of. an

' cylinder shaft 5" are adjustable supporting carriage for the entire inking apparatus, as later to be described.

In the use of small printing cylinders, it is not always possible to provide the desired interval between the printed impressions on the traveling web and -for this reason it is proposed to skip a printing operation during one orY more rotations of the printing cylinder. .To this end, the impression cylinder is arranged to be moved automatically into and out of contacting relation to theprinting cylinder. As shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 8, the journal boxes 3l for the impression slidable fore and aft by means of suitable guideways in xed frame members A1, one at each side of the machine. Pinned or otherwise secured to each of the journal boxes is a rearwardly extending actuating rod Il passing freely through an adjusting nut or thimble l1 threaded in the rear wall of the frame member A1. Beyond the adjusting nut or thimble, the actuating rod is provided with a fixed collar Il which is caused to bank against a thrust bearing Il interposed between the collar and the outer face of the adjusting nut or thimble $1. This banking action is produced by a compression Aspring Il encircling the actuating rod and interposed between the journal boxes and the rear wall of the frame member A1. According to this arrangement. the spring Il tends constantly to move the impression cylinder to and maintain it in its forward or printing position, as determined by the banking of the 'collar 3l through the thrust bearing t! against the adjusting nut or thimble 31. This nut I1 is made adjustable not only to facilitate the proper bearing alignment of the impression cylinder, but also to vary its pressure on the travelingweb during the printing operation. Once set, however, the adjusting nut 31 serves as a fixed stop for the impression cylinder in its automatic to and fro movements.

At its rear extremity, each of the adjusting rods 3l is provided with an adjustable nt li located beyond but in contact with the forked end of the upright arm of a bell-crank lever 52 journalled at 43 in a downward extension Az of the fixed frame member A1. The other and horizontal arm of the bell-crank lever carries at its forward end a roller 4I which runs in contact with a peripheral cam l5 presenting high and'low concentric portions 45 and l5 of practically equal extent. The two cams 45 are made fast to the opposite ends of a shaft I6 journalled in suitable bearings of the fixed machine frame A. When the rollers M are tracking upon the low portions l5 of the cams 45, the spring Il will be allowed to hold the impression cylinder in its forward or printing position, but when the rollers run on to the high portions 45* of the cams, the bell-crank levers 42 will be rocked upwardly at their forward ends and, through the adjusting rods 3B and against the opposition of the springs Il, slide the impression cylinder a slight distance to the rear and hold it out of contacting relation to the printing cylinder E. The extent of such fore-and-aft movement .of the impression cylinder needs be :nd is very slight so that the gears l0 and Il will remt mesh at all times.

At tr... .-jzt side of the machine, the cam shaft 13 is c: #vided with a sprocket wheel l1 connected ze; a sprocket chain Il to a smaller (one-half the dismeter) sprocket wheel 49, which latter is secured if; a stub shaft $0 rotatably mounted in a lini". pivotally supported at one end on shaft I6 and bifurcated at the other end to receive an arm pivotally mounted on shaft l. Also secured to the stub shaft, alongside the sprocket wheel l.. is a gear il meshing with a similar (same pitch) gear l2 secured to the shaft C* of the printing cylinder. With this driving arrangement, the

cam shaft 4l makes a one-half rotation to each.

complete rotation of the printing cylinder or, to put it differently, the cam shaft makes one complete rotation to every two rotations of the print. ing cylinder, wherefore the printing unit skips a printing operation on each alternate rotation of the printing cylinder. Thus, during a printing operation,2the rollers M of the bell-crank levers 42 track upon the low concentric portions 4l of the cams allowing the springs 40 to maintain the impression cylinder in its forward or printing position, the cam shaft during this operation making a one-half rotation while the printing cylinder makes a complete rotation. Upon the completion of the printing operation, however, the

rollers u run on to the high concentric portions 4I of the ,cams 4l, which thus retract the impression cylinder toits rear or non-printing position and maintain it there until after the printing cylinderhas completed a second and idle rotation, the cam shaft 46 during this non-printing operation partaking of its second half rotation. In this connection, it may be noted that if it were desired to skip more than one printing operation, in order to provide a greater interval between the successive printed impressions, this could be done by changing the contour of the cams 46 and cutting down the driving ratio between the printing cylinder and the cam shaft to correspond. Por example, if'iial skip of two printing operations were desired, the cams Il would-be provided with low concentric portions t5 extending only one-third around the periphery of theR cams and the high concentric portions l5* occupying the remainder of the peripherles, in which case the driving ratio between the two sprocket wheels I1 and l0 would be 3 to 1 rather than 2 to 1.

There will be many occasions when no skip in the printing operation will be necessary, and on these occasions itis merely necessary to back up the contact nuts Il on the adjusting rods 36.

Attention has already been directed to the adjustability of the impression cylinder for alignment and printing pressure purposes in addition to its automatic fore-and-aft shifting for skip printing.' Certain adjustments for the printing cylinder and the inking cylinder have also been provided for, and these will now be described.

Referring first to the printing cylinder (see particularly Figs. l, 2 and 3), the shaft t" thereof is rotatable in journal boxes 53 slidably supported for fore-and-aft adjustment upon horizontal tracks or ways 54 formed upon the opposite side members of the ilxed machine frame A. The journal boxes are held .down in place upon the vtracks by vertical bolts 55 passing through slots formed in the tracks and having head portions Il* fitted into dovetailed grooves below the tracks. Extending forwardly from the journal boxes and rotatably secured thereto are two adjusting screws 56, one for each box, these screws at their forward ends being provided with knurled knobs l1 and threaded through posts 5I rising from the fixed machine frame. As will be evident, by turning the screws in one direction or the other, the printing cylinder may be adjusted forwardor backward to locate lt in its printing position, the screws being operable independently for bearing alignment purposes.

oil"

However. the range o! adjustment of the screws 66 is made great enough to accommodate printing cylinders of different diameters, it being desirable on occasions to use smaller or larger printing cylinders according to the nature of the reading matter to be printed upon the web.

As a guide to the operator in making these adjustments, for one purpose or another, an indicating scale 59 is coupled to each of the adjusting screws, as at 60, so as to be movable back and forth therewith. the scale being slidable in a cap portion 6I surmountlng the post 59 and arranged with its forward edgeacting as a fixed pointer to be read in connection with the sliding scale 59. y

An endwise adjustment of the printing cylinder may also be made, this to bring it in proper registry with the impression and inking cylinders, as well as to centralize the rows of type with reference to the cutters of the slitter. Such adjustment is provided for by mounting the cylinder shaft 6' for endwise movement in its Journal boxes 53. At the right the shaft 6 is extended beyond the corresponding journal box and y is formed with a peripheral groove to receive a lug 62 rotatably secured to an adjusting screw 63 threaded into the journal box (see Figs. 1 and 2).

It will be noted from Figs. 1 and 2, as well as from Fig. 8, that the gear I I is made wide enough to accommodate such endwise adjustments of the printing cylinder.

Referring next to the inking mechanism which, as before indicated, consists of the inking cylinder 1 with its doctor blade 8 and the mounting therefor and the ink fountain 9, plus the manual means for rotating the inking cylinder independently when the machine is at rest, said mechanism is mounted in its entirety uponm adjust-1 able or slidable carriage 64, this carriage being mounted in guideways 65 of the ilxed machine frame A made long enough to permit of a wide range of adjustment. `This range oi' adjustment is not only intended to permit the inking mechanism to cooperate with printing cylinders of different diameters, but, in addition, to enable the printing mechanism to be drawn well forwardly for cleaning and other purposes. Such adjustments of the supporting carriage 64 are effected by means of a hand wheel 98 attached to the right end of a transverse shaft 61 Journalled in the supporting carriage and provided with a pair of gears 68, one at each side of the carriage, mesh-` ing with fixed gear racks 69 arranged alongside the guideways 65. The exact location of the inking mechanism is determined by a pair of ad- Justable set screws 10 carried by adjustable blocks 1I fixed to the guideways 65 at the rear (see Fig. 3).

As a further feature of the inking mechanismp the ink fountain 9 is arranged to be swung downwardly from its normal position for emptying purposes. To this end, the fountain is pivotally mounted at its rrear edge in the supporting carriage 64, as at 12 (Fig. 4). At its forward edge, and at opposite sides, the fountain is connected to cords or cables 13 passing over pulleys 14 carl ried by the supporting frame 6I and anchored to reels 15 journalled in the fixed machine framel near the bottom. The reels 16 (see Fig. 1) are made fast to a transverse shaft 16 journalled in and provided at the right with a hand wheel 11 to facilitate its operation. The shaft 16 adjacent the side members of the fixed machine frame A` of the ink fountain 9 and locate itin its normal horizontal inking position, the fountain being held in this position by the pawl and ratchet device 19 and 19 which prevents counter-rotation of the reel shaft 16. However, when it is desired to empty thefountain it may be swung downwardly at the front by lifting the paw119 from the ratchet 18 and turning the hand wheel 11 in a forward direction to permit the unwinding of the reels.

In making adjustments of the inking mechanism, especially adjustments intended to adapt it to printing cylinders of diilerent'dlameters, lt is evident that the stretch between the pulleys 1I and the reels 15 may be shortened or lengthened according to the nal adjusted position of the supporting frame 64. Such shortening or lengthening of the stretch may be eected by thev proper adjustment of the reels 16 by the hand wheel 11 through the pawl and ratchet device 19 and 19.

In the accompanying drawings, the invention has been shown merely in preferred form and by way of example; obviously it is susceptible of many variations and modifications which will still be comprised within its spirit. It is to be understood, therefore, that the invention is not limited to any speciic form or embodiment, or to any specific mode of application, except insofar as such limitations are specified in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: f

` l. In a machine for printing upon adhesive material which offers a certain amount of resistance to feed movement, the .combination of a printing unit through which the material passes with its adhesive face in contact with the impression cylinder, pulling means located beyond the printing unit and acting to exert a positive pull on the traveling material to break its adhesion to the impression cylinder after the printing operation, driving means for the printing unit operating to impart to the traveling material a greater linear speed than that of the pulling means, and a speed compensating device controlled by the traveling material for causing the printing unit to be rotated at a peripheral speed corresponding with the linear speed oi' the traveling material.

2. In a machine for printing upon adhesive material which oilers a certain amount of resistance to feed movement, the combination of a rotary printing unit through which the material passes and comprising a rotary element adapted to make contact with the adhesive face of said material, means located beyond the printing unit for pullig the material through the machine at a given linear speed and acting to exert a positive pull on the traveling material to break its adhesion to the rotary element, and driving means for said rotary element tending to rotate it at a peripheral speed greater than the linear speed of the traveling material, said material by its adhesive contact with the rotary element and by its resistance to feed movement exerting a braking effect thereon and acting thereby to hold down the peripheral 'speed of the printing unit to the linear speed of the traveling material as governed by the pulling means.

3. In a machine for printing upon adhesive material which offers a certain amount oi' resistance to feed movement, the combination of a rotary printing unit through which the material passes and comprising an impression cylinder and a printing cylinder geared together for rotation at the same peripheral speed, said impression cylinder being adapted to make contact with the adhesive face of the traveling material, means located beyond the printing unit for pulling the material through the machine at a given linear speed and acting to exert a positive pull on the traveling material to break its adhesion to the impression cylinder, and driving means for said impression cylinder tending to rotate it at a peripheral speed greater than the linear speed of the traveling material, said material by its adhesive contact with the impression cylinder and by its resistance to feed movement exerting a braking eiTect thereon and acting thereby to hold down the peripheral speed of the printing unit to the linear speed of the traveling material as governed by the pulling means.

4. In a machine for printing upon adhesive material which offers a certain amount of resistance to feed movement, the combination of a rotary printing unit through which the material passes and comprising a rotary element adapted to make contact with the adhesive face of said material, means located beyond the printing unit for pulling the material through the machine at a given linear speed and acting to exert a positive pull on the traveling material to break its adhesive to the rotary element, and driving means for the printing unit including a friction clutch through which the rotary element is rotated, said clutch comprising a driving member operating to impart to the traveling material a greater linear speed than that of the pulling means, and a driven member connected to the rotary element and caused by the adhesive contact of said element with the traveling material and by the resistance to feed movement f said material to rotate at the same rate of speed as that of the pulling means, whereby the peripheral speed of the printing unit is made to correspond with the linear speed of the traveling material as governed by the pulling means.

5. In a machine for printing upon adhesive material which offers a certain amount of resistance to feed movement, the combination of a rotary printing unit through which the matelrial passes and comprising an impression cylinder adapted to make contact with the adhesive face of said material, means located beyond the printing unit for pulling the material through the machine at a given linear speed and acting to exert a positive pull on the traveling material to break its adhesion to the impression cylinder, and driving means for the printing unit including a friction clutch through which the impression cylinder is rotated, said clutch comprising a driving member operating to impart to the traveling material a greater linear'speed than that of the pulling means, and a driven member connected to the impression cylinder and caused by the adhesive contact of said cylinder with the traveling material and by the resistance to feed movement of said material to rotate at the same rate of speed as that of the pulling means, whereby the peripheral speed of the printing unit is made to correspond with the linear speed of the traveling material as governed by the pulling means.

6. The method of printing upon adhesive material, which has a certain amount of resistance to feed movement, comprising the steps of pulling the material through the machine at a given linear speed by a power unit which exerts a pull- Y ing force less than that necessary to overcome the resistance to feed movement of said material, passing the material through a power driven rotary printing unit with the adhesive face in surface contact with the impression cylinder, and applying to the impression cylinder a driving torque approaching but not exceeding the force required to overcome the resistance to feed movement of the traveling material, whereby the pulling force exerted by the power pulling unit on the traveling material will break its adhesion with the impression cylinder and supplement the pulling force exerted on the material by the impression cylinder suflciently to overcome all resistance to feed movement of said material while allowing the impression cylinder to rotate at a. peripheral speed equal to the linear speed of the traveling material.

DONALD R. SIMONDS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,368,258 Holtham Feb. 15, 1921 1,331,579 v Rosenfeld Feb. 24, 1920 2,321,342 Weiss June 8, 1943 2,058,759 Barber Oct. 27, 1936 1,850,801 Langston et al Mar. 22, 1932 1,963,042 Avery June 12, 1934 1,337,574 Weatherly et al Apr. 20, 1920 2,301,299 Luehrs Nov. 10, 1942 1,629,137 Zuckerman May 17, 1927 1,695,793 Zuckerman Dec. 18, 1928 2,157,587 Behrens May 9, 1939 Re. 18,856 Weiss June 6, 1933 1,984,693 Nies Dec. 18, 1934 426,407 Browning Apr. 22, 1890 2,342,850 Ferm Feb. 29, 1944 2,291,627 Huck 1 Aug. 4, 1942 1,811,460 Eaton June 23, 1931 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 617,665 France Feb. 23. 1927 11,735 Great Britain Feb. 24, 1916 

